OPA Gatekeeper 准入控制与策略治理实践

概览与核心价值Gatekeeper 基于 OPA 提供 Kubernetes 准入控制与策略治理能力。通过 ConstraintTemplate 与 Constraint 可在集群层面统一实施安全与规范。规则示例：要求资源必须设置 Requests/LimitsapiVersion: templates.gatekeeper.sh/v1beta1

kind: ConstraintTemplate

metadata:

name: k8sresourcelimits

spec:

crd:

spec:

names:

kind: K8sResourceLimits

targets:

- target: admission.k8s.gatekeeper.sh

rego: |

package k8sresourcelimits

violation[{

"msg": msg,

"details": {}}

] {

input.review.kind.kind == "Deployment"

some i

c := input.review.object.spec.template.spec.containers[i]

not c.resources

msg := "containers must set resources.requests and resources.limits"

}

apiVersion: constraints.gatekeeper.sh/v1beta1

kind: K8sResourceLimits

metadata:

name: require-limits

spec:

match:

kinds:

- apiGroups: ["apps"]

kinds: ["Deployment"]

参数与验证环境：`Kubernetes v1.28`、`Gatekeeper v3.13+`。验证点：未设置资源的 Deployment 被拒绝创建设置 requests/limits 后资源可成功创建最佳实践自顶向下实施规范：命名、标签、镜像来源、配额与安全上下文分环境差异化匹配：通过 `match` 控制命名空间与资源类型规则版本化与审计：将模板与约束纳入代码仓库管理结论通过 Gatekeeper 的准入控制与策略治理，可在集群层面统一执行规范，降低漂移与安全风险，规则可验证与可审计。